概 述
真(zhen)空(kong)泵是指利用(yong)机(ji)械、物理(li)、化学(xue)或物理(li)化学(xue)的(de)方法(fa)对被抽(chou)容器(qi)进行抽(chou)气而获(huo)得真(zhen)空(kong)的(de)器(qi)件或设备。通俗来讲，真(zhen)空(kong)泵是用(yong)各种(zhong)方法(fa)在某(mou)一封闭空(kong)间(jian)中改善、产生和维持真(zhen)空(kong)的(de)装置。
按(an)真空泵(beng)(beng)的工作原理，真空泵(beng)(beng)基(ji)本上可(ke)以分(fen)为两种类型，即(ji)气体捕集(ji)泵(beng)(beng)和气体传输泵(beng)(beng)。其广泛(fan)用(yong)于冶金、化工、食品(pin)、电子镀膜等(deng)行业(ye)。
技 术 原 理
按真(zhen)空(kong)泵的(de)(de)工作原理，真(zhen)空(kong)泵基本(ben)上(shang)可以分(fen)为两种类(lei)型，即气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)传输泵和(he)气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)捕集(ji)泵。气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)传输泵是(shi)一(yi)种能使气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)不断的(de)(de)吸(xi)入和(he)排(pai)出，借(jie)以达(da)到抽气(qi)(qi)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)泵。气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)捕集(ji)泵是(shi)一(yi)种使气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)子被吸(xi)附或凝结(jie)在泵的(de)(de)内表面上(shang)，从而(er)减小了容器内的(de)(de)气(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)子数目而(er)达(da)到抽气(qi)(qi)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)泵。
真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)各(ge)(ge)种(zhong)方(fang)法在某一(yi)封闭空(kong)(kong)(kong)间(jian)中(zhong)产(chan)(chan)生、改善和(he)维(wei)持(chi)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)装置。真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)可以定义为：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)机(ji)械、物理、化(hua)学(xue)(xue)或物理化(hua)学(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)方(fang)法对(dui)被抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)容器进(jin)行抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)气而(er)获得真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)器件或设备(bei)。随(sui)着真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)应用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)发展(zhan)，真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)种(zhong)类(lei)(lei)已发展(zhan)了很(hen)多种(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)速从每(mei)秒零点几升到(dao)每(mei)秒几十万、数(shu)百万升。按(an)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理，真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)基本上可以分为两种(zhong)类(lei)(lei)型，即气体传输泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)和(he)气体捕(bu)集泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。随(sui)着真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)应用(yong)(yong)(yong)技术在生产(chan)(chan)和(he)科学(xue)(xue)研究领域中(zhong)对(dui)其(qi)(qi)应用(yong)(yong)(yong)压(ya)强(qiang)范围(wei)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)越(yue)(yue)来越(yue)(yue)宽(kuan)(kuan)，大(da)多需(xu)要(yao)由几种(zhong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)组成(cheng)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)气系(xi)统(tong)共同抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)气后才能满足生产(chan)(chan)和(he)科学(xue)(xue)研究过程的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，由于真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)应用(yong)(yong)(yong)部(bu)门所涉及的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)压(ya)力的(de)(de)范围(wei)很(hen)宽(kuan)(kuan)，因(yin)此任何(he)一(yi)种(zhong)类(lei)(lei)型的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)都不可能完全适用(yong)(yong)(yong)于所有的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)压(ya)力范围(wei)，只能根据(ju)不同的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)压(ya)力范围(wei)和(he)不同的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)求(qiu)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)不同类(lei)(lei)型的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。为了使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)便和(he)各(ge)(ge)种(zhong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺过程的(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)，有时(shi)将各(ge)(ge)种(zhong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)按(an)其(qi)(qi)性能要(yao)求(qiu)组合(he)起来，以机(ji)组型式应用(yong)(yong)(yong)。